Crohn’s disease and inflammatory bowel disease

Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) characterized by chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea (often bloody in ulcerative colitis), fatigue, weight loss, and fever during flare-ups. The disease is usually relapsing, with flare-ups followed by remission.

Diagnosis is made with endoscopy and tissue samples. A gastroenterologist or internal medicine doctor plans treatment, which may include anti-inflammatory medications, immunosuppressants, or biologic drugs. A dietitian is an important part of the care team, as IBD affects nutrient absorption. In severe cases, surgical treatment may be necessary.