Symptom

Abdominal pain

Abdominal pain is one of the most common reasons to seek medical care. It can be sharp, cramp-like, continuous, or intermittent, and occur in different parts of the abdomen.

The most common causes are gastrointestinal infections, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), constipation, reflux, muscle pain, or menstrual pain. More serious causes include appendicitis, gallbladder problems, ulcers, or inflammatory bowel disease.

Acute severe abdominal pain always requires medical evaluation. Chronic or recurrent abdominal pain is also a reason to seek assessment.

Frequently asked questions

When is abdominal pain an emergency?

Seek emergency care immediately if the abdominal pain is sudden and very severe, is associated with a high fever, the abdominal wall is rigid and tender, or there is blood in the stool. These may indicate appendicitis or another surgical emergency.

What is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

IBS is a functional bowel disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea and/or constipation without an organic cause. Stress plays a major role in triggering IBS symptoms. Treatment includes dietary changes, stress management, and, if needed, medication.

Can diet help with abdominal pain?

Yes, diet has a major impact on many causes of abdominal pain. In IBS, a low-FODMAP diet helps many people. In reflux, avoiding fatty and spicy foods as well as coffee can ease symptoms. A doctor or dietitian can help plan a suitable diet.