Mental health

Mental health disorders are very common in Finland: it is estimated that one in four Finns will experience a significant mental health problem during their lifetime. Depression is the single most common cause of work disability in Finland. Anxiety disorders, panic disorder, bipolar disorder, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress disorder are other common diagnoses.

Mental health problems can cause many kinds of symptoms: depressed mood, loss of pleasure, anxiety, fears and panic attacks, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and reduced functional ability are typical. In severe depression or psychosis, suicidal thoughts or behavior may occur, and recognizing this is important. Symptoms may begin gradually or suddenly, and they may vary in intensity.

Mental health disorders arise according to the biopsychosocial model: biological factors such as heredity and brain neurotransmitters, as well as psychological factors and stressful life experiences, combine. Traumatic childhood experiences, long-term stress, loneliness, and somatic illnesses increase the risk. Protective factors include good social support and stress management skills.

Diagnosis is based on a careful interview and symptom presentation. A doctor or psychiatrist makes the diagnostic assessment and rules out somatic causes such as thyroid dysfunction. Psychological tests complement the diagnostic workup. The correct diagnosis is a prerequisite for effective treatment.

Treatment is tailored individually. Psychotherapy, especially cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), is the most effective treatment for depression and anxiety. Medication, such as antidepressants or medicines for anxiety, supplements or replaces therapy as needed. Rehabilitation psychotherapy supported by Kela is possible to safeguard work and study ability.

Early access to treatment is important: prolonged untreated depression or anxiety weakens functional ability and increases the risk of other illnesses. In the private sector, treatment can be accessed quickly without long waiting times. Mental health treatment is effective, and a large share recover well with appropriate care.