Dry mouth

Dry mouth means a feeling that the mouth is drier than usual and there is too little saliva. A dry mouth can make eating, swallowing, and speaking more difficult, and it can cause a burning sensation or tenderness in the mouth. The symptom is especially common among older adults, but it occurs at all ages. The most common causes in Finland are certain medications (for example blood pressure medicines and antidepressants), chronic illnesses such as diabetes or thyroid disease, and lifestyle factors – smoking and high consumption of coffee or alcohol. Autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren’s disease can also cause persistent dry mouth. In some people, dry mouth is also related to stress or breathing through the mouth.

Temporary dry mouth is usually harmless, but if it persists it can increase the risk of tooth decay, mouth infections, and poorer overall oral health. If dry mouth continues for more than a couple of weeks, interferes with daily life, or is accompanied by other symptoms (for example dry eyes, swallowing difficulties, bad breath, or mouth sores), it is a good idea to contact a healthcare professional. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, and symptoms can often be relieved together with a specialist.